Lee, arguably the single most skilled soldier and military strategist of the Civil War. It was the Army of Northern Virginia, the strongest force of the Confederacy, led by Robert E.
Before the battle, however, the Union was in a defensive position, reacting to the Confederate army’s march north into Pennsylvania. The Battle of Gettysburg: The Battle of Gettysburg was both the largest battle of the Civil War and the turning point, after which Union victory became increasingly certain. The war raged for four years before the Union finally claimed victory and eradicated slavery and in the Spring of 1865. While the Northern states had given up slavery for ethical reasons, the Southern states held onto the institution out of necessity the Southern economy was based on cash crops like cotton, which were more efficiently harvested with the use of free labor. The primary cause for Southern secession, and therefore the war, was the issue of slavery, which had divided the North and South for nearly a century.
The war was fought by the Union-the federal government and the Northern states-and the Confederacy-the Southern states who seceded from the Union in rebellion in 1861-62.
The conflict encompassed the entirety of Lincoln’s presidency and absorbed the greater part of his attention while in office. The Civil War: The Civil War was the defining event in the United States during the 19th century.
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